Dhekelia (2004) | Jan Mayen (2008) | |
Airports | - | 1 (2007) |
Airports - with unpaved runways | - | total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2007) |
Area | total: 130.8 sq km
note: area surrounds three Cypriot enclaves |
total: 377 sq km
land: 377 sq km water: 0 sq km |
Area - comparative | about three-quarters the size of Washington, DC | slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC |
Background | By terms of the 1960 Treaty of Establishment that created the independent Republic of Cyprus, the UK retained full sovreignty and jurisdiction over two areas of almost 254 square kilometers in total: Akrotiri and Dhekelia. The larger of these of these is the Dhekelia Sovereign Base Area, which is also referred to as the Eastern Sovereign Base Area. | This desolate, artic, mountainous island was named after a Dutch whaling captain who indisputably discovered it in 1614 (earlier claims are inconclusive). Visited only occasionally by seal hunters and trappers over the following centuries, the island came under Norwegian sovereignty in 1929. The long dormant Haakon VII Toppen/Beerenberg volcano resumed activity in 1970; the most recent eruption occurred in 1985. It is the northernmost active volcano on earth. |
Capital | Episkopi; located in Akrotiri | - |
Climate | temperate; Mediterranean with hot, dry summers and cool winters | arctic maritime with frequent storms and persistent fog |
Coastline | - | 124.1 km |
Country name | conventional long form: Dhekelia Sovereign Base Area
conventional short form: Dhekelia |
conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Jan Mayen |
Dependency status | overseas territory of UK; administered by an administrator who is also the Commander, British Forces Cyprus | territory of Norway; since August 1994, administered from Oslo through the county governor (fylkesmann) of Nordland; however, authority has been delegated to a station commander of the Norwegian Defense Communication Service |
Diplomatic representation from the US | none (overseas territory of the UK) | - |
Diplomatic representation in the US | none (overseas territory of the UK) | - |
Disputes - international | - | none |
Economy - overview | Economic activity is limited to providing services to the military and their families located in Dhekelia. All food and manufactured goods must be imported. | Jan Mayen is a volcanic island with no exploitable natural resources. Economic activity is limited to providing services for employees of Norway's radio and meteorological stations on the island. |
Elevation extremes | - | lowest point: Norwegian Sea 0 m
highest point: Haakon VII Toppen/Beerenberg 2,277 m |
Environment - current issues | netting and trapping of small migrant songbirds in the spring and autumn | NA |
Executive branch | chief of state: Queen Elizabeth II (since 6 February 1952)
head of government: Administrator Maj. Gen. Peter Tomas Clayton PEARSON (since 9 May 2003) note - reports to the British Ministry of Defence elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; the administrator is appointed by the monarch |
- |
Flag description | the flag of the UK is used | the flag of Norway is used |
Geographic coordinates | 34 59 N, 33 45 E | 71 00 N, 8 00 W |
Geography - note | British extraterritorial rights also extended to several small off-post sites scattered across Cyprus | barren volcanic island with some moss and grass |
Irrigated land | - | 0 sq km |
Land boundaries | - | 0 km |
Land use | - | arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2005) |
Legal system | the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply | the laws of Norway, where applicable, apply |
Location | on the southeast coast of Cyprus near Famagusta | Northern Europe, island between the Greenland Sea and the Norwegian Sea, northeast of Iceland |
Map references | Middle East | Arctic Region |
Maritime claims | - | territorial sea: 4 nm
contiguous zone: 10 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation |
Military - note | includes Dheklia Garrison and Ayios Nikolaos Station connected by a roadway | defense is the responsibility of Norway |
Natural hazards | - | dominated by the volcano Haakon VII Toppen/Beerenberg; volcanic activity resumed in 1970; the most recent eruption occurred in 1985 |
Natural resources | - | none |
Population | no indigenous personnel
note: approximately 2,200 military personnel are on the base; there are another 5,000 British citizens who are families of military personnel or civilian staff on both the bases of Akrotiri and Dhekelia; Cyprus citizens work on the base, but do not live there |
no indigenous inhabitants
note: personnel operate the Long Range Navigation (Loran-C) base and the weather and coastal services radio station |
Radio broadcast stations | - | AM NA, FM NA, shortwave NA (there is one radio and meteorological station) (1998) |
Terrain | - | volcanic island, partly covered by glaciers |